Non-finite verbs | Types of Non-finite verbs | Examples of Non-finite verbs



What are nonfinite verbs?

Verb - ing, verb- 3rd, and verb - to not change with the subject. They are called non-finite. 

non-finite, meaning, types, examples, exercise






Type of Non-finite verbs?

There are three types of Non-finite verbs –

1. Participle ( present and past)

2. Gerund

3. infinitive



1. Participle 
(verb and adjective )
     |
A smiling face.
Participle
    |
Partly of verb 
(partly and adjective)



2. Gerund
( Verb and noun)
       |
Walking is good.
Gerund 
      |
V+ing is used as a noun.



3. Infinitive 
(To + v')
   |
To walk is good
Infinitive

What is a finite verb?

1. A finite verb is one that changes it form with a change in the subject or tense.


Examples :

1. We play cricket every day.

2. Rohan plays cricket every day. 

3. Rohan and I played cricket for a long time this morning. 

4. We shall play a cricket match next week.

The verb play changes its form will with the change in the subject or the tense.


A Non-finite verb does not change its form with a change in the subject or tense.


Examples :

1. We love to play cricket every day.

2. Rohan loved to play cricket in his childhood.

Here, the verb 'to play does not change its form with a change in the subject or tense.

3. My friend loves playing. 

4. The children loved playing. 

Here, the participle 'playing' does not change its form with a change in the subject or tense.


What are infinitives?

Simply put, the infinitive is the 'to–' form of the verb. It does not change its form with a change in the subject or tense.


Examples :

1. The boys like to walk in the park every day. 

2. My sister likes to walk before dinner every day. 

3. We always like to walk by the river in our childhood.


The word to is generally used with the infinitive, it is not used after certain finite verbs like bid, let, make, need, dare, see, and hear. Such infinitives without the 'to', are called bare infinitives.



1. Bare infinitives:-

Bid, let make, need, dare, see, hear.

1. Bid the certain sit there.

2. Let us March from ignorance to awakening

3. I heard the old lady begging for food.

2. Modal auxiliary



3. The infinitive is also used without (too) after had better,would, rather sooner than, and rather than


Examples :

1. I had better sleep now.

2. I would rather watch the movie at home.

3. I can run a mile in 8 minutes. 

4. You must clean your plate before you have dessert

5. Don't you dare leave me here.



What are the present participles?

A present participle is also a non-finite verb that does the work of a verb as well as that of an adjective. Present participles always and in '- Ing:

Examples :

1. I gave him my most appealing smile.

2. I don't like frightening stories.

3. It was a horrifying experience for all of us.

Verb base form+ ing


Present participle always ends in — Ing.

Plan - planning, rob - robbing, quite- quitting, hit - hitting

Sometimes the last letter of the verb is doubled before adding —Ing




What is a past participle?

A past participle is also a non-finite verb that like the present participle does the work of a verb as well as that of an adjective. Most past participles end in '—ed' or '—en'.

Verb base form + ed or en.

Examples:

1. We have prevented millions of child deaths. 

2. I had forgotten about them in the excitement of the theft.

3. An old lady walked with her cat and went to the shop.

4. A broken glass can't be repaired.



What are gerunds?

Gerunds are non-finite verbs that do the work of nouns and verbs.

Gerund always ends with Ing.

Question the sentence with 'what'


Examples:- 

1. Listening and speaking sharper your language skills.

2. Reading is good for the mind and soul.

3. Playing the sitar is Arun's hobby.



Differentiate between participles and gerunds :


Present Participle

1. The boy raised an elephant swimming through the Arabian sea.

2. The girl was dancing gracefully.


Gerunds

1. Swimming is the best exercise for children.

2. Lata's favorite hobby is dancing.